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User’s Guide 21020285 D
Chapter 8 Details of Usage
Byte and Word Swapping Page 8 - 3
Byte and Word
Swapping
The RF3880 adapter is flexible enough to allow you to request Byte Swapping,
Word Swapping, or both, during transfers of command structures.
This section will first give you some examples to explain why the swapping
feature is offered to you, then provide a perspective on implementation with
the RF3880 for both Command Structures used by the RF3880 (which the
adapter can swap) and data (which needs special software if swapping is
necessary).
Need for
Swapping
The memory architecture of your system depends on the type of processor you
are using. There are several major manufacturers that each use different
arrangements of bytes, words, and double-words in memory. The two most
common formats are: Intel and Motorola. Their differences are illustrated in
the example below:
Example of Memory Differences
If you were to define the following variables in a program:
char byte[] = “test”;
int word[2] = {0x0102, 0x0304};
double dword = 0xAABBCCDD;
They would appear this way in memory (beginning at location n) for each
respective format:
Essentially the two processors store a string of bytes in the same order.
However, the bytes that make up word and double-word information are stored
in an order opposite to each other:
The RF3880 adapter must correctly access the command structures for either
type of processor.
Throughout this manual, the Parameter and Status Blocks that make up the
command structures are represented double-word wide, in Motorola ordering.
If you have an Intel processor, you will need to translate these displays to your
format. The following example will help explain this.
variable Byte # of memory Intel Order Motorola Order
byte n t esttest
word n + 4 02 01040301020304
dword n + 8 DDCCBBAAAABBCCDD
Table 108: Variations in Intel and Motorola Memory
Processor Type
Byte of word or
double-word
Order in memory
Motorola
LSB* stored in highest memory address
MSB* stored in lowest memory address
Intel
LSB stored in lowest memory address
MSB stored in highest memory address
Table 109: Explanation of Memory Storage Differences
- Rimfire 3880 SCSI Host 1
- Organization 5
- Conventions 7
- Documents 8
- Table of 9
- Contents 9
- Product Overview 21
- About the 22
- Rimfire 3880 22
- Management 23
- What next? 24
- Hardware Essentials 25
- Structure and 27
- Description 27
- Block Diagram 28
- Addressing 29
- Ports: General 30
- Address Buffer 32
- SET 0 0 0 0 WID WSC BSC 33
- Channel 34
- Attention Port 34
- Status Port: 38
- Reset Port 40
- Descriptions of 41
- Port Usage 41
- Hardware Installation 43
- Overview of the 45
- Installation 45
- Step 1: 46
- Unpacking the 46
- Step 2: 47
- Jumpers and 47
- Termination 47
- Configuration 48
- Bus Request/ 49
- Grant Jumper 49
- Addresses 51
- SCSI bus 52
- Step 3: Board 53
- Insertion 53
- Step 4: Apply 54
- Conditions 55
- Step 5: 56
- Configure and 56
- Connect SCSI 56
- Command Operation 59
- What the 61
- Adapter must 61
- The Base 62
- Parameter 62
- Multiple 66
- Status Blocks 66
- 000 0 0 INT ID 68
- Using a Single 69
- Some Example 70
- 2:Inquiry 73
- Pass-through 73
- Command List 76
- Creating the 78
- Using a 79
- Adding a 80
- Removing a 80
- Example ‘C’ 81
- Routines for 81
- Initiator Mode Pass 85
- Initiator Pass 87
- Block Format 87
- DBV 0 ICC 0 IRS DAT DIR 0 88
- Setting DBV 89
- DAT and DIR 89
- Table Values 89
- Table of DAT 90
- Automatic 90
- Settings 90
- 21020285 D User’s Guide 102
- Target Mode Pass 103
- Introduction 104
- Overview of 105
- Target Mode 105
- What must the 106
- Target Mode? 106
- Commands 107
- Special Target 107
- Command 108
- Descriptor 108
- Block Group 108
- Operation 109
- Sequence of 111
- Responding to 111
- Selection Data 112
- Structure 112
- 76543210 113
- CC ERR RTY 0 0 0 0 TME 113
- 0000000SAV 116
- Response 117
- 0 0 ICC TMO 0 DAT DIR 0 118
- Status Block 121
- CC ERR RTY 0 0 CSB 0 TMS 122
- Board-control Commands 125
- Using the 127
- Reference 127
- General Status 128
- List of 129
- Start Command 130
- List (01H) 130
- 1514131211109876543210 131
- 0 0 0 0 0 INT Status/ID 131
- Stop Command 132
- List (02H) 132
- Identify (05H) 133
- Identify 134
- Description of 134
- Statistics (06H) 136
- Statistics Data 138
- General 139
- Options (07H) 139
- Unit Options 142
- 0 0 0 RBE RCE RPE ISB INT 143
- 0 TAG 0 0 WID IAT SYN UNQ 144
- Diagnostic/ 148
- Self-test (09H) 148
- Enable (0AH) 151
- 000 0 0 INT Status/ID 152
- Disable (0BH) 153
- Abort (0DH) 154
- SCSI Hard 155
- Reset (10H) 155
- Information 156
- Data Structure 157
- Extended 165
- Statistics (16H) 165
- Extended Unit 169
- Options (18H) 169
- Options Data 170
- Details of Usage 175
- Byte and Word 177
- Swapping 177
- How to Use 182
- How It Works 183
- Notes on 184
- Usage and 185
- SCSI Protocol 185
- Handling 185
- Routines 188
- Disconnect 189
- Privilege 189
- Error Codes 193
- User’s Guide 21020285 D 195
- Appendix A Error Codes 195
- Summary Page A - 3 195
- Table 116: Error Codes 195
- Appendix A Error Codes 196
- Page A - 4 Summary 196
- Summary Page A - 5 197
- Status Port 198
- Self-test Error 199
- Self-test 199
- Cables and Connectors 201
- Connector 203
- Table 123: P2 Connector 205
- Specifications 207
- Appendix C Specifications 210
- Page C - 4 Specifications 210
- Defaults 211
- Hardware 213
- Appendix D Defaults 216
- Design Differences 217
- Features no 219
- Supported 219
- Implementation 220
- Differences 220
- Maximize 222
- Performance 222
- Index 224
- Page ii 224
- Index 225
- Page iii 225
- Page iv 226
- Page vi 228
- 21020285 D 230
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